Independent Contractor’s, the “Work Made for Hire” Doctrine, and the Presumed Employee

The "work-for-hire" doctrine is presumably, for employees ONLY.  After all, employees are hired, not independent contractors right? However, it is standard practice to have a "work-for-hire" clause in all independent contractor agreements in nearly every industry, nationwide. In California, there could be serious issues with stating in an independent contractor agreement that all the intellectual property created by the contractor is a "work-for-hire" because in recent years California and federal agencies have started cracking down on mis-classified independent...